It's not informative that "a respondent has 0 on v1" unless you know what v1 and 0 refer to. Such information - what the data actually represent - is collectively know as the dictionary.
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A great way to start working from syntax is using "Paste" instead of "Ok". However, there's no "Paste" option for modifying most variable properties. This tutorial shows how handle that properly.
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Changing variable names in the Data Editor may render it hard to keep track of them. This problem is best avoided by using syntax for renaming them.
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There are several ways to change a variable's type. This tutorial will walk you through some examples.
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Changing a variable's width is rarely necessary. Nevertheless, it's good to know how when it's needed and how it's done.
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Specifying missing values correctly is often an essential step in analyzing data. This tutorial discusses how to edit this and some other variable properties in a sound manner.
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Managing variable and value labels in the Data Editor is a recipe for disaster. This tutorial explains how to do this more efficiently.
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